Precautions for automobile harness layout

跟着现代汽车安全性、舒适性及环保要求的不断提高，汽车上的电路数量与用电量显着增加，从而使很多线束在有限的汽车空间中怎么更有用合理安顿已成为汽车制造业面临的问题。本文以汽车线束安顿为中心，对布置注意事项作概要介绍。

With the continuous improvement of modern automobile safety, comfort and environmental protection requirements, the number of circuits and power consumption on the automobile have increased significantly, so how to make many wire harnesses more useful and reasonable settled in the limited automobile space has become a problem faced by the automobile manufacturing industry. Focusing on the installation of automobile harness, this paper briefly introduces the matters needing attention in layout.

一、线束固定点安顿合理，固定可靠

1、 The fixing points of the harness shall be installed reasonably and reliably

(1)根据线束在整车上的实践设备方位，为了避免线束的低垂、移位，考虑线束的分量、固定方法和固定方位的便当性，线束有必要有满意、合理的固定点和固定方法进行固定。

(1) According to the practical equipment orientation of the harness on the whole vehicle, in order to avoid the sag and displacement of the harness, and considering the component of the harness, the fixing method and the convenience of the fixing orientation, it is necessary for the harness to be fixed with satisfactory and reasonable fixing points and fixing methods.

(2)据线束的走向、车身的具体形状设置固定点，在没有支点的直线距离上两固定点距离一般不大于300mm;在钝角拐点方位可安顿一个固定点;在直角拐点需安顿两个固定点;锐角拐点在线束中避免出现。

(2) Set fixing points according to the direction of the harness and the specific shape of the vehicle body. In the straight-line distance without fulcrum, the distance between the two fixing points is generally no more than 300mm; A fixed point can be set in the direction of obtuse angle inflection point; Two fixed points shall be installed at the right angle inflection point; Avoid sharp corner inflection points in the harness.

(3)据线束的形状、外径巨细挑选固定卡扣的类型和巨细，并满意承受线束分量的需求。

(3) Select the type and size of the fixed buckle according to the shape and outer diameter of the harness, and meet the demand of bearing the weight of the harness.

(4)在和其它线束、电器件联接的插接件方位，在插接件前不大于120mm的合适方位，考虑设置固定点。

(4) In the position of the connector connected with other wire harnesses and electrical parts, the appropriate position not more than 120mm in front of the connector shall be considered to set a fixed point.

(5)考虑在支点方位的干线上设置固定点，固定点距离支点不大于100mm。

(5) It is considered to set fixed points on the main line in the direction of the fulcrum, and the distance between the fixed points and the fulcrum shall not be greater than 100mm.

(6)在固定卡扣的设备方向上，有必要有满意的空间以便当卡扣的设备、拆开。

(6) In the direction of the equipment for fixing the buckle, it is necessary to have a satisfactory space for the equipment and disassembly of the buckle.

2、 Neat appearance and bundle configuration

(1)线束安顿应沿边、沿槽(车身上规划的走线槽)，避免线束直接承受压力。驾驶室内不得有线束显露;在可以观察到线束的方位，如：机舱部位，设置夺目的吸引点或夺目的色彩，在此设备的线束不突出、不显眼。

(1) The wire harness shall be installed along the edge and along the slot (the planned wiring slot on the vehicle body) to avoid direct pressure on the wire harness. The harness shall not be exposed in the cab; In the position where the harness can be observed, such as the engine room, set eye-catching attraction points or eye-catching colors. The harness of this equipment is not prominent and inconspicuous.

(2)摆放方法在投影方向上，按横平竖直的棋盘式摆放，避免斜线安顿。

(2) The placement method is in the projection direction, which is placed in a horizontal and vertical chessboard style to avoid the placement of oblique lines.

(3)与管路的空地均匀，与周围零部件的空地合理。

(3) The open space with the pipeline shall be uniform, and the open space with the surrounding parts shall be reasonable.

三、线束避免与周围部件干与

3、 Keep the harness away from the surrounding components

(1)不直接和车身锐边接触，一要留有空地，二要增加维护避免车身锐边损坏线束外部绝缘层，导致短路事端;

(1) Do not directly contact with the sharp edges of the vehicle body. First, leave space and second, increase maintenance to avoid the sharp edges of the vehicle body damaging the external insulation of the harness, resulting in short circuit;

(2)设备在振动或运动部件上时，应视实践状况预留长度。此预留长度根据部件振动崎岖、运动件的最大运动行程确认。保证预留长度可以不使振动在线束上转递、不使线束承受拉力。线束长时间承受振动传递或拉力则或许导致线束内部接点/插接件端子间出现虚接现象。如：发动机线束和发动机舱线束的联接。

(2) When the equipment is on the vibrating or moving parts, the length shall be reserved according to the actual situation. The reserved length shall be confirmed according to the rugged vibration of components and the maximum moving stroke of moving parts. Ensure that the reserved length can prevent the vibration from being transmitted on the harness and the harness from bearing tension. If the harness bears vibration transmission or tension for a long time, it may lead to virtual connection between the internal contact / connector terminals of the harness. For example, the connection of engine harness and engine compartment harness.

(3)与运动零部件之间的空地应大于25mm，如：雨刮电机的导线和连杆的空地。

(3) The open space between and moving parts shall be greater than 25mm, such as the open space of the wire and connecting rod of the wiper motor.

(4)与排气歧管之间的距离应大于50mm。

(4) The distance from the exhaust manifold shall be greater than 50mm.

(5)与发动机处温度大于150℃的零部件距离大于50mm。

(5) The distance from the parts with the temperature greater than 150 ℃ at the engine shall be greater than 50mm.

(6)不与燃油管路、制动管路运用相同的固定点。

(6) Do not use the same fixing points as fuel pipeline and brake pipeline.

(7)不与燃油管路、制动管路穿插或接触。尤其是在线束联接部位和油路联接部位，避免线路表面破损短路和油料蒸腾密度等条件均达到必定条件时引起火灾。

(7) Do not insert or contact with fuel pipeline and brake pipeline. Especially at the connection parts of wire harness and oil circuit to avoid fire when the conditions such as line surface damage, short circuit and oil transpiration density reach certain conditions.

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